William Woodruff, better known online as "yossarian", has published a blog post to make the case that users should not place their trust in trusted publishing:

Trusted Publishing is a mechanism for establishing trust between an external machine identity (like a CI/CD workflow) and one or more projects on a package index/registry. The "trust" in "Trusted Publishing" refers to that trust relationship, and not to anything else.

It is not, and cannot be, a signal for package trust or quality. You cannot use it to determine whether a package is safe or "good," and PyPI consciously stymies attempts to misuse it for that purpose by not rendering it as a "green checkmark" or anything else of the sort.

Or as another framing: Trusted Publishing is just a form of authentication. It doesn't tell you anything other than that an upload was authenticated, which all uploads to PyPI are.

LWN covered trusted publishing in June.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (nodejs22 and nodejs24), Fedora (clamav, hplip, kernel, kernel-headers, librabbitmq, mingw-expat, mir, perl-Imager, podman-tui, prometheus-podman-exporter, python-rpds-py, rust-ashpd, rust-busd, rust-gtk4-macros, rust-inferno, rust-quick-xml, rust-reqsign-aws-v4, rust-wayland-scanner, and sandogasa), Oracle (container-tools:rhel8, kernel, mariadb:10.11, mariadb:11.8, nginx, perl:5.32, php, php:7.4, rrdtool, ruby:2.5, ruby:3.3, ruby:4.0, and uek-kernel), Red Hat (kernel, opentelemetry-collector, and python-urllib3), Slackware (c-ares and openssh), SUSE (bind, chromedriver, cryptsetup, s390-tools, dnsmasq, jackson-annotations, jackson-core, jackson-databind, lcms2, pacemaker, perl-Cpanel-JSON-XS, perl-Crypt-SaltedHash, postfix, and python-mistune), and Ubuntu (gnutls28, gzip, openssh, php7.0, python-parsl, python3.10, python3.12, python3.14, request-tracker5, socat, sogo, and tar).

OpenSSH 10.4 has been released. In addition to a number of security and bug fixes, there are a few notable changes; this release adds experimental support for a composite post-quantum signature scheme combining ML-DSA 44 and Ed25519 as described in this IETF draft. With 10.4, if OpenSSH is compiled with sandbox support it will fail on Linux systems that have not enabled SECCOMP or NO_NEW_PRIVS; prior to this release, sshd would log an error but continue operation. See the release notes for a full list of changes.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (container-tools:rhel8, grafana, grafana-pcp, kernel, ruby:2.5, and ruby:3.3), Debian (bird3, chromium, kernel, linux-6.1, mediawiki, nginx, openvpn, php-phpseclib, php8.2, php8.4, and sympa), Fedora (7zip, buildah, chromium, clamav, freerdp, leptonica, mariadb10.11, mariadb11.8, nextcloud, nsd, openqa, openvpn, os-autoinst, pdns, pdns-recursor, perl-Crypt-ScryptKDF, podman, python-jupyter-server, and python-streamlink), Mageia (mariadb and yt-dlp), Slackware (libevent, libseccomp, mozilla, mutt, and php82), SUSE (apache2, containerd, dnsmasq, docker, dracut, firewalld-legacy, gimp, glibc, golang-github-docker-libnetwork, google-guest-agent, gstreamer-plugins-bad, helm, kernel, kernel-devel, keybase-client, kitty, krb5, libarchive, libnfs, libslirp, nilfs-utils, openCryptoki, openQA, openssl-3, pacemaker, pcr-oracle, perl-DBI, perl-List-SomeUtils-XS, podman, python-pip, python-pydata-sphinx-theme, python-tornado6, python3-lxml, python311-mistune, python313-joserfc, rmt-server, sg3_utils, systemd, tracker-miners, and xdg-dbus-proxy), and Ubuntu (cifs-utils, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.17, linux-raspi-realtime, and ncurses).

Greg Kroah-Hartman has announced the release of the 7.1.3, 6.18.38, 6.12.95, 6.6.144, 6.1.177, 5.15.211, and 5.10.260 stable kernels. Several kernels in this batch include a fix for a vulnerability introduced in the 6.0 kernel in IPv6 (CVE-2026-53362), which could allow an attacker to escape a container and gain root access.

There is also a fix for a use-after-free bug in KVM (CVE-2026-53359) that was introduced in the 2.6.36 kernel. As usual, each stable kernel includes a number of fixes throughout the tree. Users are advised to upgrade.

The GNU Guix project has announced three vulnerabilities in the guix substitute utility as well as a fourth that affects the guix pull and guix time-machine commands. The impact of the vulnerabilities ranges from remote privilege escalation to local disclosure of sensitive files.

The remote exploitation of guix substitute only requires that the vulnerable system attempt to download a binary substitute. Any configured substitute server, including ones discovered using guix-daemon's --discover option, can exploit this, and so can a man-in-the-middle (MITM), regardless of whether https is used in the substitute server urls.

The local exploitation of guix substitute only requires the ability to connect to guix-daemon's socket, which by default any user can do.

Separately, another security issue (CVE ID pending) was identified in guix pull and guix time-machine, which enables anyone who can control the channels file used by these commands to cause a file to be created or overwritten wherever the user running the command in question has permission to create them.

The project is recommending that all users upgrade guix and guix-daemon immediately. See the announcement for instructions, how to test for the vulnerabilities, the disclosure timeline, and more.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (389-ds-base, bind9.18, evince, fence-agents, freerdp, frr, frr10, gimp, gnutls, hplip, jmc, mariadb:11.8, mysql:8.4, php:7.4, postgresql-jdbc, postgresql:15, postgresql:16, valkey, xorg-x11-server, and xorg-x11-server-Xwayland), Debian (fastnetmon), Fedora (7zip, apptainer, cpp-httplib, mysql8.4, and nmap), Oracle (freerdp, giflib, glib2, glibc, kernel, libreoffice, libvirt, mariadb:10.11, postgresql, python3.11, python3.12, rrdtool, and thunderbird), Red Hat (buildah, podman, and skopeo), SUSE (alloy, apache2, buildah, c3p0, containerd, crun, cups, dhcpcd, dnsmasq, docker-stable, dracut, editorconfig-core-c, ffmpeg-7, fontforge, google-guest-agent, google-osconfig-agent, graphicsmagick, gstreamer-plugins-bad, gstreamer-plugins-good, helm, jackson-annotations, jackson-core, jackson-databind, jline3, kernel, kubectl-cnpg, lcms2, libslirp, libssh2_org, libxreaderdocument3, openbabel, openssl-3, pacemaker, perl-CGI-Session, perl-list-someutils-xs, python-lxml, python-tornado, python-tornado6, python3-onionshare, python311-python-engineio, sg3_utils, thunderbird, transmission, and trivy), and Ubuntu (cifs-utils, kernel, libvncserver, linux-aws-6.8, linux-gcp-6.8, linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-ibm-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency, linux-oracle-6.8, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8, linux-nvidia-tegra, linux-oracle-5.15, linux-raspi, linux-xilinx, nghttp2, nginx, perl, and vim).

In August 2025, the CalyxOS privacy-focused Android distribution announced that it was pausing all releases while it reworked its release process, security protocols, and changed its signing keys following the departure of one of its founders. The project has now announced that it is "officially back from the hiatus" with the 7.2.2.0 release.

CalyxOS 7.2.2.0 is signed by us using a new HSM-based, open-source signing solution we designed to enhance the security of the entire signing process, ensure redundancy, and remove single points of failure. You can verify CalyxOS 7.2.2.0 and future builds following these instructions. For anyone who is interested, the security audit report of the HSM provisioning ceremony script can be found here.

In addition, we also went through significant infrastructure improvements. In particular, we have set up a cleaner server structure to streamline each release. In response to Google's less frequent AOSP source code releases, our team developed scripts to reduce the overhead in applying monthly patches and updates. Please keep in mind, additional manual steps are still needed to compensate for AOSP changes, such as requesting and storing kernel sources with each update. Currently, our lead engineer is continuing the maintenance of the base device trees for both LineageOS and CalyxOS to bridge the gap created by the absence of Google Pixel device trees.

A few astute observers have noticed that some content on kernel.org had disappeared and were understandably concerned. Konstantin Ryabitsev has provided an update via social.kernel.org:

There was an unfortunate error while changing the kernel.org primary/secondary mirroring infrastructure, which resulted in the /pub tree suddenly becoming empty. No data was lost, just public mirror copies. Everything is now being restored, but deletes are fast and restores are slow, so thank you for your patience!

The incident is being tracked on the Linux Foundation's IT status page.

We were made aware today of an email sent to a reader that was spoofed to appear to be from LWN. The message claimed, among other things, that we were providing personal information about the reader to another site user. As is explained in our privacy policy we do not, and would not, provide such information.

If any other readers have received an odd message from LWN, it is an attempt at a hoax; if in doubt, please check the DKIM header of the email. Any email that does come from LWN will have a proper DKIM signature in its headers.

If you receive such a message, please feel free to send it to us, with its headers intact. But to reiterate, we are not providing any user information upon request, nor banning any accounts. We hope this will not be a recurring problem.

Aoife Moloney has, on behalf of the Fedora Council, posted an announcement that the Fedora Council is "proposing we pause the Community Initiatives process as an official project process" because it has decided the current process is ineffective. It is also closing discussion regarding the AI developer desktop initiative covered by LWN in May.

The Fedora Objectives/Initiatives framework was never intended as a mandatory prerequisite to do the work in Fedora. It supposed to help by focusing the community on a certain work when needed, not to decide what is allowed. The AI developer desktop initiative proposal highlighted that the Community Initiatives process has failed to serve as a good framework in Fedora where new ideas can surface, receive respectful feedback, and gain Council support for work that fits the project's present and/or future. This is something that the Council must address.

As a first step, we would like to halt the community initiative process immediately. Existing initiatives in flight (Fedora Forge, Atomic, and Fedora Docs 2026) will continue with full Council backing. Their underlying work will be completed as planned in their current timeboxed state, though the administrative framework around them may evolve. As a second step, we would like to work out a new mechanism to allow Council to set strategic direction in an open, transparent way that more intentionally includes the community voice. We recognise that we have to be better at being more open in our discussions and decision making.

The council is considering the "sandbox" proposal as an alternative or supplement to a process that replaces the Community Initiatives.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (giflib, kernel, mariadb:10.11, mod_http2, php, rrdtool, ruby, ruby:3.3, and ruby:4.0), Debian (jq and node-lodash), Fedora (caddy, hut, ipp-usb, kernel, opkssh, rclone, thunderbird, and transmission), SUSE (389-ds, 7zip, alsa, amazon-ecs-init, avahi, cadvisor, cosign, cups, dnsdist, docker, dracut, firefox, firewalld, giflib, glib-networking, glycin-loaders, google-cloud-sap-agent, google-guest-agent, gsasl, hauler, helm, ImageMagick, kernel, keylime, krb5, libaom, libexif, libgcrypt, libnfs, libssh2_org, loupe, lrzip, mutt, ncurses, nodejs22, openCryptoki, openssh, openssl-3, pacemaker, perl-Config-IniFiles, perl-CSS-Minifier-XS, perl-DBI, perl-JavaScript-Minifier-XS, perl-libwww-perl, postfix, python-click, python-idna, python-Markdown, python-joblib, python-handy-archives, python-apache-libcloud, python-WebOb, python-PyGithub, python-soupsieve, python-pip, python-pytest-html, python-python-dotenv, python-python-multipart, python-starlette, python-tornado6, python-zeroconf, python311, python311-jupyter-server, rpcbind, sed, sg3_utils, tar, tiff, and util-linux), and Ubuntu (kernel, linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-5.15, linux-aws-fips, linux-azure, linux-azure-5.15, linux-azure-fde-5.15, linux-fips, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-fips, linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-hwe-5.15, linux-ibm, linux-ibm-5.15, linux-intel-iot-realtime, linux-intel-iotg, linux-kvm, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-tegra, linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15, linux-nvidia-tegra-igx, linux-oracle, linux-realtime, linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-fips, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-fips, linux-ibm, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-oracle, linux-realtime, linux-realtime-6.8, linux-oem-6.17, and linux-oem-7.0).

Inside this week's LWN.net Weekly Edition:

• Front: Xsnow protestware; Git 2.55; Rhombus; kernel hardening; More LSFMM+BPF coverage; 7.2 merge window; Secure Boot certificate expiration; Ceph and Garage; OSPM 2026.
• Briefs: Akrites; Mageia 10; Git 2.55.0; Podman 6.0; systemd v261; Creative Commons chat; Quotes; ...
• Announcements: Newsletters, conferences, security updates, patches, and more.

Linux users who have Secure Boot enabled on their systems rely on certificates issued by Microsoft to verify the software used to boot a system is trusted by the user. One of those certificates expired recently, but that will not cause systems that are able to boot to stop doing so. There are situations where the expiration may cause problems, however, and the window for relying on existing signed binaries is shorter than it might appear. Users and administrators will want to stay on top of these changes. Over the last year, part of my job at Microsoft has been to work on this problem. LWN wrote about the certificate expiration in July 2025, and this article follows up with where we are now.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (coreutils, galera and mariadb11.8, giflib, git-lfs, glibc, httpd, kernel, mariadb10.11, mod_md, perl-Archive-Tar, perl-IO-Compress, perl:5.32, rrdtool, ruby, ruby4.0, and thunderbird), Debian (debian-security-support, librabbitmq, and nginx), Fedora (chromium, collectd, maradns, python-django-haystack, python-jupytext, varnish, varnish-modules, and vmod-querystring), Oracle (firefox, git-lfs, kernel, nginx:1.24, openssl, perl-Archive-Tar, perl-IO-Compress, and uek-kernel), Red Hat (container-tools:rhel8), SUSE (7zip, apache2, buildah, cifs-utils, curl, docker, exiv2-0_26, libonnxruntime1, libsoup, nodejs22, opensc, pacemaker, perl-Config-IniFiles, podman, sg3_utils, socat, tar, tracker, and xdg-desktop-portal), and Ubuntu (curl, hplip, libgd-perl, libssh2, libyang, ruby2.7, ruby3.0, ruby3.2, ruby3.3, and tar).

Dee Harris has published a summary of the recent "fireside chat" featuring Creative Commons founders Hal Abelson, Lawrence (Larry) Lessig, Molly Van Houweling, and Glenn Otis Brown. The chat was to mark the 25th anniversary of Creative Commons and included a look back at its history as well as a look at the landscape today:

Twenty-five years ago, a small group of people made a bet. They believed that if you gave creators a simple set of tools and licenses in language that a lawyer, a machine, and a human could all read, millions of people might choose to share their work with the world instead of locking it down.

The video of the chat is available on YouTube.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (git-lfs, perl-Archive-Tar, perl-IO-Compress, python3.12-urllib3, and runc), Debian (sogo), Fedora (perl-DBI and perl-Socket), Oracle (firefox, freerdp, git-lfs, libsoup, libxml2, mod_md, mysql, perl-Archive-Tar, perl-IO-Compress, python, python3.12-urllib3, rsync, thunderbird, tomcat, xorg-x11-server, and xorg-x11-server-Xwayland), SUSE (389-ds, 7zip, alsa, amazon-ecs-init, amazon-ssm-agent, ansible-core, apache2, atril, avahi, bind, bitcoin, capnproto, chromedriver, chromium, cosign, distribution, dnsdist, docker, dovecot24, dracut, firefox, firewalld, freeipmi, freerdp, giflib, gimp, gleam, glib-networking, glibc, glycin-loaders, golang-github-prometheus-alertmanager, google-cloud-sap-agent, google-guest-agent, graphite2, gsasl, hamlib, helm, himmelblau, ignition, imagemagick, istioctl, jackson-databind, jq, jupyter-jupyterlab-templates, keylime, krb5, ldns, libaom, libcaca, libgcrypt, libheif, libinput, libjxl, libnfs, libslirp-devel, libsolv, libzypp, zypper, libssh2_org, libvncserver, libyang, lldpd, logback, loupe, mbedtls, mbedtls-2, mcphost, mozjs128, mutt, nano, nginx, ocaml, ofono, openCryptoki, opencryptoki, opensc, openssh, openssl-3, papers, perl-compress-raw-zlib, perl-config-inifiles, perl-cpanel-json-xs, perl-crypt-passwdmd5, perl-DBI, perl-dbi, perl-html-parser, perl-http-daemon, perl-libwww-perl, perl-protocol-http2, postfix, postgresql14, postgresql15, postgresql16, python-aiohttp, python-biopython, python-click, python-ecdsa, python-idna, python-markdown, python-joblib,, python-paramiko, python-pdm, python-pip, python-py7zr, python-pydata-sphinx-theme, python-pyjwt, python-python-multipart, python-starlette, python-tornado6, python311-jupyter-ydoc, rpcbind, sed, sg3_utils, sqlite3, strongswan, tar, thunderbird, tomcat, tomcat10, tomcat11, trivy, unbound, util-linux, warewulf4, webkit2gtk3, xar, xwayland, yt-dlp, and zypper, libzypp, libsolv), and Ubuntu (libheif, nss, qemu, roundcube, and sqlite3).

Git maintainer Junio Hamano has announced Git 2.55.0, which has non-merge commits from 100 people; 33 of those are first-time contributors to the project. LWN recently covered some of the noteworthy changes in 2.55, including new features for the experimental "git history" command, addition of the Git fsmonitor daemon for Linux systems, and more.

The xsnow application, which generates an animated snowfall effect (and other pleasant diversions) for X11 desktops, does not seem like an obvious channel for political statements. Nevertheless, xsnow's maintainer seems to have included a political protest in the program: an Easter egg that is triggered when the program's language is set to Russia ("ru"). One user has complained that this functionality should be removed from the Debian xsnow package, but Debian does not seem to have any rules that forbid such a feature outright.

The Kubernetes project has published a blog post explaining its AI policy:

The main problem is that AI has made generating code fast but there has been very little improvement in maintaining code bases. In this post, we will highlight the ways the Kubernetes community is adapting to the world of AI assisted coding.

The first step of this journey was to develop an AI policy. This seems mundane and bureaucratic but there were many PRs that derailed into discussions around AI usage. The AI policy helps steer the conversation around the project's stance on AI and provides a clear signal to contributors on how to use these tools responsibly.

Of note, the project requires disclosure when AI tools have been used to assist in the creation of a contribution but forbids the use of listing AI as a co-author or including "assisted-by" or "co-developed" trailers to attribute work to an LLM tool.