Version 10 of the AlmaLinux OS distribution has been released.

The goal of AlmaLinux OS is to support our community, and AlmaLinux OS 10 is the best example of that yet. With an unwavering eye on maintaining compatibility with Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), we have made small improvements to AlmaLinux OS 10 that target specific sections of our userbase.

See the release notes for details.

Srinivas Narayana led a remote session about extending Agni to prove the correctness of the BPF verifier's handling of different execution paths as part of the Linux Storage, Filesystem, Memory Management, and BPF Summit. The problem of ensuring the correctness of path exploration is much more difficult than the problem of ensuring the correctness of arithmetic operations (which was the subject of the previous session), however. Narayana's plan to tackle the problem makes use of a mixture of specialized techniques — and may need some assistance from the BPF developers to make it feasible at all.

Cory Doctorow wears many hats: digital activist, science-fiction author, journalist, and more. He has also written many books, both fiction and non-fiction, runs the Pluralistic blog, is a visiting professor, and is an advisor to the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF); his Chokepoint Capitalism co-author, Rebecca Giblin, gave a 2023 keynote in Australia that we covered. Doctorow gave a rousing keynote on the state of the "enshitternet"—today's internet—to kick off the recently held PyCon US 2025 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Version 25.05 of the NixOS distribution has been released. Changes include support for the COSMIC desktop environment (reviewed here in August), GNOME 48, a 6.12 kernel, and many new modules; see the release notes for details. (Thanks to Pavel Roskin).

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free, libsoup, and python-tornado), Debian (libavif and pgbouncer), Red Hat (gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free, mingw-freetype and spice-client-win, and webkit2gtk3), SUSE (firefox, govulncheck-vulndb, and python310-setuptools), and Ubuntu (flask, intel-microcode, openjdk-17-crac, tika, and Tomcat).

The 6.14 kernel development cycle only brought in 11,003 non-merge changesets, making it the slowest cycle since 4.0, which was released in 2015. The 6.15 kernel, instead, brought in 14,612 changesets, making it the busiest release since 6.7, released at the beginning of 2024. The kernel development process, in other words, is back up to full speed. The 6.15 release happened on May 25, so the time has come for the obligatory look at where the changes in this release came from.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (389-ds-base, ghostscript, grafana, kernel, and osbuild-composer), Debian (intel-microcode, kernel, libphp-adodb, and openssl), Fedora (dotnet8.0, ghostscript, iputils, nbdkit, open-vm-tools, thunderbird, and vyper), Mageia (chromium-browser-stable, glibc, iputils, microcode, nodejs, and zsync), Oracle (.NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, 389-ds-base, avahi, buildah, compat-openssl11, expat, firefox, ghostscript, gimp, git, grafana, gvisor-tap-vsock, libsoup, libxslt, mod_auth_openidc, nginx, nodejs:20, osbuild-composer, podman, skopeo, thunderbird, vim, webkit2gtk3, xdg-utils, xterm, and yelp), Red Hat (kernel, kernel-rt, libsoup, libsoup3, python-tornado, and ruby), Slackware (ffmpeg), SUSE (audiofile, firefox, glibc, govulncheck-vulndb, grafana, kernel, kind, kubo, libecpg6, postgresql13, postgresql14, python-Django, python-setuptools, python-tornado6, python311-Flask, python311-tornado6, python313, python36-setuptools, thunderbird, transfig, and xen), and Ubuntu (glib2.0, linux-bluefield, linux-ibm, linux-raspi, and openjdk-21-crac).

Linus has released the 6.15 kernel, as expected.

So this was delayed by a couple of hours because of a last-minute bug report resulting in one new feature being disabled at the eleventh hour, but 6.15 is out there now.

Significant changes in 6.15 include smarter timer-ID assignment to make checkpoint/restore operations more reliable, the ability to read status information from a pidfd after the process in question has been reaped, the PIDFD_SELF special pidfd value, nested ID-mapped mounts, zero-copy network-data reception via io_uring, The ability to read epoll events via io_uring, resilient queued spinlocks for BPF programs, guard-page enhancements allowing them to be placed in file-backed memory areas and for user space to detect their presence, the once-controversial fwctl subsystem, the optional sealing of some system mappings, and much more.

See the LWN merge-window summaries (part 1, part 2) and the in-progress KernelNewbies 6.15 page for more information.

The seventh edition of the Power Management and Scheduling in the Linux Kernel Summit (known as "OSPM") took place on March 18-20, 2025. Topics discussed on the second day include improvements to device suspend and resume, the status and future of sched_ext, the scx_lavd scheduler, improving the efficiency of load balancing, and hierarchical constant bandwidth server scheduling.

The BPF verifier is an increasingly complex and security-critical piece of code. When the kinds of people who are apt to work on BPF see a situation like that, they naturally question whether it's possible to use formal verification to ensure that the implementation of the code in question is correct. Santosh Nagarakatte led the first of two extra-long sessions in the BPF track of the 2025 Linux Storage, Filesystem, Memory Management, and BPF Summit about his team's work formally verifying the BPF verifier with a custom tool called Agni.

Security updates have been issued by Fedora (dotnet9.0, dropbear, ghostscript, nbdkit, openssh, python-watchfiles, rpm-ostree, yelp, yelp-xsl, and zsync), Oracle (firefox and kernel), Red Hat (osbuild-composer), Slackware (aaa_glibc and mozilla), SUSE (chromedriver, open-vm-tools, postgresql14, python-cryptography, and thunderbird), and Ubuntu (linux-aws, linux-hwe-5.4, python, and sqlite3).

Mozilla has announced that it is shutting down Pocket, a bookmarking service acquired by Mozilla in 2017, this coming July. "Pocket has helped millions save articles and discover stories worth reading. But the way people use the web has evolved, so we're channeling our resources into projects that better match their browsing habits and online needs."

Our recent article on Home Assistant observed that the project emphasizes installations using its own Linux distribution or within containers. The project has now made that emphasis rather stronger with this announcement of the deprecation of the "core" and "supervised" installation modes, which allowed Home Assistant to be installed as an ordinary application on a Linux system.

These are advanced installation methods, with only a small percentage of the community opting to use them. If you are using these methods, you can continue to do so (you can even continue to update your system), but in six months time, you will no longer be supported, which I'll explain the impacts of in the next section. References to these installation methods will be removed from our documentation after our next release (2025.6).

Support for 32-bit Arm and x86 architectures has also been deprecated.

The Fedora Council has ruled on the Fedora Engineering Steering Council's (FESCo) decision last year to revoke Peter Robinson's provenpackager status. In a statement published to the fedora-devel-announce mailing list, the council has announced that it has overturned FESCo's decision:

FESCo didn't have a specific policy for dealing with a request to remove Proven Packager rights. In addition, the FESCo process was handled entirely in private. The contributor didn't receive a formal notification or warning from FESCo, and felt blindsided by the official decision when and how it was announced. The Fedora Council would like to extend our sincerest apology on behalf of the Fedora Project to them.

LWN covered the story in December 2024.

Testing filesystems is a frequent topic at the Linux Storage, Filesystem, Memory Management, and BPF Summit (LSFMM+BPF); the 2025 edition was no exception. Boris Burkov led a filesystem-track session to discuss stress-testing filesystems—and running those tests for lengthy periods. He reviewed what he has been doing when testing filesystems and wanted to gather ideas for what could be done to catch more bugs before the filesystems hit production.

Greg Kroah-Hartman has announced the release of the 6.14.8, 6.12.30, 6.6.92, 6.1.140, and 5.15.184 stable kernels. As usual, each contains a long list of important fixes throughout the kernel tree.

Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (kernel, kernel-rt, and webkit2gtk3), Fedora (mozilla-ublock-origin and sudo-rs), Oracle (.NET 8.0, compat-openssl10, grafana, osbuild-composer, redis:6, ruby:2.5, and webkit2gtk3), SUSE (dante, firefox-esr, gnuplot, govulncheck-vulndb, grype, postgresql13, postgresql14, postgresql15, postgresql16, postgresql17, python-tornado6, python314, thunderbird, ucode-intel, and xen), and Ubuntu (bind9, libfcgi-perl, linux-ibm-5.4, linux-oracle-5.4, postgresql-17, and Tomcat).

Inside this week's LWN.net Weekly Edition:

• Front: Home Assistant; Setuptools; Debian AI GR; DMA-mapping API; BPF CI; OSPM 2025
• Briefs: Go audit; Oniux; Asahi progress; Rust in FreeBSD; RHEL 10; Rust 1.87.0; RIP John L. Young; Quote; ...
• Announcements: Newsletters, conferences, security updates, patches, and more.

Shawn Webb has published a status report on work to provide basic support in FreeBSD for userland components written in Rust.

We introduced a new BSD makefile, located at share/mk/bsd.rust.mk, that enables building a Rust application during buildworld. As of this writing, we only support building and installing Rust applications. Supporting library crates is planned (we would like to be able to build/install library crates that expose an FFI, like for C/C++ compatibility). Normal library crates build and install just fine. Support for cdylib Rust library crates specifically is what's missing, but is desired and planned.

We do NOT currently support Rust in the kernel. Kernel support requires more work that we deemed out-of-scope for this initial proof-of-concept/work-in-progress patchset. We also do NOT support building multiple programs in the same BSD Makefile (like with bsd.progs.mk), though that is also a desired feature.

LWN covered a discussion about including Rust in the FreeBSD base system in August 2024.

In late March, version 78.0.1 of Setuptools — an important Python packaging tool — was released. It was scarcely half an hour before the first bug report came in, and it quickly became clear that the change was far more disruptive than anticipated. Within only about five hours 78.0.2 was published to roll back the change, and multiple discussions were started about how to limit the damage caused by future breaking changes. Nevertheless, many users still felt the response was inadequate. Some previous Setuptools releases have also caused problems on a smaller but still notable scale, and hopefully the developers will be more cautious going forward. But there are also lessons here for the developers of Python package installers, ordinary Python developers and end users, and even Linux distribution maintainers.