An anonymous reader quotes a report from The Guardian, written by Caroline Haskins: On May 7th and 8th in Washington, D.C., the city's biggest convention hall welcomed America's military-industrial complex, its top technology companies and its most outspoken justifiers of war crimes. Of course, that's not how they would describe it. It was the inaugural "AI Expo for National Competitiveness," hosted by the Special Competitive Studies Project -- better known as the "techno-economic" thinktank created by the former Google CEO and current billionaire Eric Schmidt. The conference's lead sponsor was Palantir, a software company co-founded by Peter Thiel that's best known for inspiring 2019 protests against its work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Ice) at the height of Trump's family separation policy. Currently, Palantir is supplying some of its AI products to the Israel Defense Forces. The conference hall was also filled with booths representing the U.S. military and dozens of its contractors, ranging from Booz Allen Hamilton to a random company that was described to me as Uber for airplane software. At industry conferences like these, powerful people tend to be more unfiltered – they assume they're in a safe space, among friends and peers. I was curious, what would they say about the AI-powered violence in Gaza, or what they think is the future of war? Attendees were told the conference highlight would be a series of panels in a large room toward the back of the hall. In reality, that room hosted just one of note. Featuring Schmidt and the Palantir CEO, Alex Karp, the fire-breathing panel would set the tone for the rest of the conference. More specifically, it divided attendees into two groups: those who see war as a matter of money and strategy, and those who see it as a matter of death. The vast majority of people there fell into group one. I've written about relationships between tech companies and the military before, so I shouldn't have been surprised by anything I saw or heard at this conference. But when it ended, and I departed DC for home, it felt like my life force had been completely sucked out of my body. Some of the noteworthy quotes from the panel and convention, as highlighted in Haskins' reporting, include: "It's always great when the CIA helps you out," Schmidt joked when CIA deputy director David Cohen lent him his microphone when his didn't work. The U.S. has to "scare our adversaries to death" in war, said Karp. On university graduates protesting Israel's war in Gaza, Karp described their views as a "pagan religion infecting our universities" and "an infection inside of our society." "The peace activists are war activists," Karp insisted. "We are the peace activists." A huge aspect of war in a democracy, Karp went on to argue, is leaders successfully selling that war domestically. "If we lose the intellectual debate, you will not be able to deploy any armies in the west ever," Karp said. A man in nuclear weapons research jokingly referred to himself as "the new Oppenheimer."

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Emilia David reports via The Verge: OpenAI has signed a deal for access to real-time content from Reddit's data API, which means it can surface discussions from the site within ChatGPT and other new products. It's an agreement similar to the one Reddit signed with Google earlier this year that was reportedly worth $60 million. The deal will also "enable Reddit to bring new AI-powered features to Redditors and mods" and use OpenAI's large language models to build applications. OpenAI has also signed up to become an advertising partner on Reddit. No financial terms were revealed in the blog post announcing the arrangement, and neither company mentioned training data, either. That last detail is different from the deal with Google, where Reddit explicitly stated it would give Google "more efficient ways to train models." There is, however, a disclosure mentioning that OpenAI CEO Sam Altman is also a shareholder in Reddit but that "This partnership was led by OpenAI's COO and approved by its independent Board of Directors." "Reddit has become one of the internet's largest open archives of authentic, relevant, and always up-to-date human conversations about anything and everything. Including it in ChatGPT upholds our belief in a connected internet, helps people find more of what they're looking for, and helps new audiences find community on Reddit," Reddit CEO Steve Huffman says. Reddit stock has jumped on news of the deal, rising 13% on Friday to $63.64. As Reuters notes, it's "within striking distance of the record closing price of $65.11 hit in late-March, putting the company on track to add $1.2 billion to its market capitalization."

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In what's marked as an EU first, the French government has blocked TikTok in its territory of New Caledonia amid widespread pro-independence protests. Politico reports: A French draft law, passed Monday, would let citizens vote in local elections after 10 years' residency in New Caledonia, prompting opposition from independence activists worried it will dilute the representation of indigenous people. The violent demonstrations that have ensued in the South Pacific island of 270,000 have killed at least five people and injured hundreds. In response to the protests, the government suspended the popular video-sharing app -- owned by Beijing-based ByteDance and favored by young people -- as part of state-of-emergency measures alongside the deployment of troops and an initial 12-day curfew. French Prime Minister Gabriel Attal didn't detail the reasons for shutting down the platform. The local telecom regulator began blocking the app earlier on Wednesday. "It is regrettable that an administrative decision to suspend TikTok's service has been taken on the territory of New Caledonia, without any questions or requests to remove content from the New Caledonian authorities or the French government," a TikTok spokesperson said. "Our security teams are monitoring the situation very closely and ensuring that our platform remains safe for our users. We are ready to engage in discussions with the authorities." Digital rights NGO Quadrature du Net on Friday contested the TikTok suspension with France's top administrative court over a "particularly serious blow to freedom of expression online." A growing number of authoritarian regimes worldwide have resorted to internet shutdowns to stifle dissent. This unexpected -- and drastic -- decision by France's center-right government comes amid a rise in far-right activism in Europe and a regression on media freedom. "France's overreach establishes a dangerous precedent across the globe. It could reinforce the abuse of internet shutdowns, which includes arbitrary blocking of online platforms by governments around the world," said Eliska Pirkova, global freedom of expression lead at Access Now.

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An anonymous reader quotes a report from BleepingComputer: The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has adopted amendments to Regulation S-P that require certain financial institutions to disclose data breach incidents to impacted individuals within 30 days of discovery. Regulation S-P was introduced in 2000 and controls how some financial entities must treat nonpublic personal information belonging to consumers. These rules include developing and implementing data protection policies, confidentiality and security assurances, and protecting against anticipated threats. The new amendments (PDF) adopted earlier this week impact financial firms, such as broker-dealers (funding portals included), investment firms, registered investment advisers, and transfer agents. The modifications were initially proposed in March of last year to modernize and improve the protection of individual financial information from data breaches and exposure to non-affiliated parties. Below is a summary of the introduced changes: - Notify affected individuals within 30 days if their sensitive information is, or is likely to be, accessed or used without authorization, detailing the incident, breached data, and protective measures taken. Exemption applies if the information isn't expected to cause substantial harm or inconvenience to the exposed individuals. - Develop, implement, and maintain written policies and procedures for an incident response program to detect, respond to, and recover from unauthorized access or use of customer information. This should include procedures to assess and contain security incidents, enforce policies, and oversee service providers. - Expand safeguards and disposal rules to cover all nonpublic personal information, including that received from other financial institutions. - Require documentation of compliance with safeguards and disposal rules, excluding funding portals. - Align annual privacy notice delivery with the FAST Act, exempting certain conditions. - Extend safeguards and disposal rules to transfer agents registered with the SEC or other regulatory agencies.

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The head of Canada's Security Intelligence Service warned Canadians against using video app TikTok, saying data gleaned from its users "is available to the government of China," CBC News reported on Friday. From a report: "My answer as director of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) is that there is a very clear strategy on the part of the government of China to be able to acquire personal information from anyone around the world," CSIS Director David Vigneault told CBC in an interview set to air on Saturday. "These assertions are unsupported by evidence, and the fact is that TikTok has never shared Canadian user data with the Chinese government, nor would we if asked," a TikTok spokesperson said in response to a request for comment. Canada in September ordered a national security review of a proposal by TikTok to expand the short-video app's business in the country. Vigneault said he will take part in that review and offer advice, CBC reported.

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necro81 writes: Robert Dennard was working at IBM in the 1960s when he invented a way to store one bit using a single transistor and capacitor. The technology became dynamic random access memory (DRAM), which when implemented using the emerging technology of silicon integrated circuits, helped catapult computing by leaps and bounds. The first commercial DRAM chips in the late 1960s held just 1024 bits; today's DDR5 modules hold hundreds of billions. Dr. Robert H. Dennard passed away last month at age 91. (alternate link) In the 1970s he helped guide technology roadmaps for the ever-shrinking feature size of lithography, enabling the early years of Moore's Law. He wrote a seminal paper in 1974 relating feature size and power consumption that is now referred to as Dennard Scaling. His technological contributions earned him numerous awards, and accolades from the National Academy of Engineering, IEEE, and the National Inventor's Hall of Fame.

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Two university students discovered a security flaw in over a million internet-connected laundry machines operated by CSC ServiceWorks, allowing users to avoid payment and add unlimited funds to their accounts. The students, Alexander Sherbrooke and Iakov Taranenko from UC Santa Cruz, reported the vulnerability to the company, a major laundry service provider, in January but claim it remains unpatched. TechCrunch adds: Sherbrooke said he was sitting on the floor of his basement laundry room in the early hours one January morning with his laptop in hand, and "suddenly having an 'oh s-' moment." From his laptop, Sherbrooke ran a script of code with instructions telling the machine in front of him to start a cycle despite having $0 in his laundry account. The machine immediately woke up with a loud beep and flashed "PUSH START" on its display, indicating the machine was ready to wash a free load of laundry. In another case, the students added an ostensible balance of several million dollars into one of their laundry accounts, which reflected in their CSC Go mobile app as though it were an entirely normal amount of money for a student to spend on laundry.

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Although TSMC can't claim to be the first fab to use extreme UV (EUV) lithography – that title goes to Samsung – they do get to claim to be the largest. As a result, the company has developed significant experience with EUV over the years, allowing TSMC to refine how they use EUV tooling to both improve productivity/uptime, and to cut down on the costs of using the ultra-fine tools. As part of the company's European Technology Symposium this week, they went into a bit more detail on their EUV usage history, and their progress on further integrating EUV into future process nodes.

When TSMC started making chips using EUV lithography in 2019 on its N7+ process (for Huawei's HiSilicon), it held 42% of the world's installed base of EUV tools, and even as ASML ramped up shipments of EUV scanners in 2020, TSMC's share of EUV installations actually increased to 50%. And jumping ahead to 2024, where the number of EUV litho systems at TSMC has increased by 10-fold from 2019, TSMC is now 56% of the global EUV installed base, despite Samsung and Intel ramping up their own EUV production. Suffice it to say, TSMC made a decision to go in hard on EUV early on, and as a result they still have the lion's share of EUV scanners today.

Notably, TSMC's EUV wafer production has increased by an even larger factor; TSMC now pumps out 30 times as many EUV wafers as they did in 2019. Compared to the mere 10x increase in tools, TSMC's 30x jump in production underscores how TSMC has been able to increase their EUV productivity, reduce service times, and fewer tool downtimes overall. Apparently, this has all been accomplished using the company's in-house developed innovations.

TSMC's Leadership in EUV High Volume Manufacturing Data by TSMC (Compiled by AnandTech)
	2019	2023
Cumulative Tools	1X	10X
Share of Global EUV Installed Base	42%	56%
EUV Wafer Output	1X	30X
Wafer per Day per EUV Tool	1X	2X
Reticle Particle Contamination	1X	0.1X

TSMC says that it has managed to increase wafer-per-day-per-tool productivity of its EUV systems by two times since 2019. To do so, the company optimized the EUV exposure dose and the photoresist it uses. In addition, TSMC greatly refined its pellicles for EUV reticles, which increased their lifespan by four times (i.e., increases uptime), increased output per pellicle by 4.5 times, and lowered defectivity by massive 80 times (i.e., improves productivity and increases uptime). For obvious reasons, TSMC does not disclose how it managed to improve its pellicle technology so significantly, but perhaps over time the company's engineers are going to share this with academia. 

TSMC's EUV Pellicle Technology vs. Commercial Data by TSMC (Compiled by AnandTech)
	Commercial	TSMC (Claimed)
Output	1X	4.5X
Defectivity	1X	0.0125X
Lifespan	1X	4X

EUV lithography systems are also notorious for their power consumption. So, in addition to improving productivity of EUV tools, the company also managed to reduce the power consumption of its EUV scanners by 24% through undisclosed 'innovative energy saving techniques.' And the company isn't done there: they are planning to improve energy efficiency per wafer per EUV tool by 1.5 times by 2030.

Considering all the refinements that TSMC has managed to achieve with Low-NA EUV lithography by now, it is not terribly surprising that the company is quite confident that it can continue to produce cutting-edge chips in the future. Whereas rival Intel has gone all-in on High-NA EUV for their future, sub-18A nodes, TSMC is looking to leverage their highly-optimized and time-tested Low-NA EUV tooling instead, avoiding the potential pitfalls of a major technology transition so soon while also reaping the cost benefits of using the well-established tooling.

Founded in 1980 and headquartered in Taiwan, Sunon (aka Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co., Ltd.), stands out as a prominent global producer of fans, blowers, and thermal management systems. The company has made a name for itself in the fan industry with a comprehensive product line that includes DC brushless fans, micro blowers, CPU coolers, and various other cooling technologies. They are one of the oldest and most renowned fan manufacturers on the world – and not just for PC applications, but for just about anything in need of something smaller than a ceiling fan, spanning from IT to automotive and industrial sectors.

Within the PC space, the company is best known for its proprietary MagLev (Magnetic Levitation) technology, which uses magnetic forces to levitate the rotor shaft, drastically reducing friction and wear. This innovative design improves the durability and performance of their fans, particularly in reducing operational noise and improving high-temperature performance. Sunon introduced the patent and their first MagLev products all the way back in 90s.

The 120mm Sunon MagLev fan (MFC0251V2-1Q02U-S99) that we are reviewing today is a new, high-performance fan engineered primarily for PC applications, with an emphasis on longevity and functionality. It features Sunon's advanced Vapo-Bearing MagLev Engine, which allegedly ensures a quieter operation and longer lifespan by minimizing friction. This particular fan has a maximum speed of 1900 RPM and all of the bells and whistles of advanced cooling fans, including a wide range PWM speed control (10-100%).

Distinguished by its crisp white color and unique frame design, this fan is aimed PC builders going for a clean and modern aesthetic. The "gaming" designation by the manufacturer clearly divulges their intentions regarding their targeted audience. By default, these fans have both a 4-pin connector and also a Molex connector for their direct connection to the PSU.

 

Fan Testing Methodology

We are testing fans using an Extech HD350 differential manometer, an Extech AN200 velocity meter, and a custom 3D printed apparatus designed for this specific purpose. The apparatus features a simple but effective shutters mechanism that allows us to test the unobstructed (maximum) volume flow of a fan, the fully obstructed (maximum static) pressure of the fan, and multiple points in between, allowing us to compose the actual P-Q performance chart of any fan. The RPM reading is taken with the fan unobstructed (maximum flow), as the fan speed varies depending on the airflow impedance in conjunction with the design of the fan’s blades.

For noise measurements, we are using an Extech HD600 high sensitivity SPL meter. The noise of the fan is measured from 15 centimeters away, not one meter as IEC certifications require, as that would be far too great a distance to measure differences between nearly silent products. Note however that we are measuring the noise level of a fan with its flow unobstructed and the fan, to the best possible degree, uncoupled from the environment. The addition of fan grills, the installation on a cooler, and any other form of obstruction will increase the generated noise, as both aerodynamic and vibration noise will be added into the environment.

Test Results & Conclusion

The Sunon MFC0251V2-1Q02U-S99 is a robust performer across the entirety of the performance chart. At its maximum speed of 1900 RPM, it offers an airflow of 58.9 CFM and a static pressure of 2.48 mmH₂O. However, that performance comes with a noise output of 41.3 dB(A), which is quite noticeable and, in most cases, not really ahead of its competition. When compared to the Corsair ML120, another fan with a magnetic levitation engine, the Sunon model tends to offer significantly better performance by running about 300 RPM faster while generating about the same level of noise.

Overall, Sunon's 120mm MagLev fan stands out as a high-quality part, and better still it's priced competitively at around $11, offering substantial value for those looking for robust cooling solutions within budget constraints. When it's used correctly, the fan easily competes with, and generally outperforms, the best 120 mm products currently available – albeit not immensely so.

However "used correctly" is the operative term, as the MagLev engine makes the fan particular about its orientation. In short, these fans are not meant to be installed with the engine facing upwards, as this can jeopardize the integrity of the Vapo mechanism. As a result, Sunon's MagLev fan is really only good for horizontal uses – front and back air intake/exhaust – and shouldn't be used for vertical configurations at the top and bottom of computer cases.

Despite that, the 120mm MagLev fan does excel when it's in its niche, especially at its price. The biggest hurdle, in that case, is just acquiring a fan, as Sunon is primarily geared up to target the bulk OEM market and doesn't sell their fans in individual retail units. So prospective buyers will need to skip the Neweggs and Amazons of the world, and look instead at electronic and industrial suppliers like Digikey and Mouser.

New submitter txyoji shares a report: Enterprise workplace collaboration platform Slack has sparked a privacy backlash with the revelation that it has been scraping customer data, including messages and files, to develop new AI and ML models. By default, and without requiring users to opt-in, Slack said its systems have been analyzing customer data and usage information (including messages, content and files) to build AI/ML models to improve the software. The company insists it has technical controls in place to block Slack from accessing the underlying content and promises that data will not lead across workplaces but, despite these assurances, corporate Slack admins are scrambling to opt-out of the data scraping. This line in Slack's communication sparked a social media controversy with the realization that content in direct messages and other sensitive content posted to Slack was being used to develop AI/ML models and that opting out world require sending e-mail requests: "If you want to exclude your Customer Data from Slack global models, you can opt out. To opt out, please have your org, workspace owners or primary owner contact our Customer Experience team at feedback@slack.com with your workspace/org URL and the subject line 'Slack global model opt-out request'. We will process your request and respond once the opt-out has been completed."

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Apple is developing a significantly thinner version of the iPhone [non-paywalled source] that could be released as early as 2025, The Information reported Friday, citing three people with direct knowledge of the project. From the report: The slimmer iPhone could be released concurrently with the iPhone 17, expected in September 2025, according to the three people with direct knowledge and two others familiar with the project. It could be priced higher than the iPhone Pro Max, currently Apple's most expensive model starting at $1,200, they said. The people familiar with the project described the new iPhone, internally code-named D23, as a major redesign -- similar to the iPhone X, which Apple marketed as a technological leap from previous generations and which started at $1,000 when it was released in 2017. Several of its novel features, such as FaceID, the OLED screen and glass back, became standard in subsequent models.

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Apple's grudging accommodation of European law -- allowing third-party browser engines on its mobile devices -- apparently comes with a restriction that makes it difficult to develop and support third-party browser engines for the region. From a report: The Register has learned from those involved in the browser trade that Apple has limited the development and testing of third-party browser engines to devices physically located in the EU. That requirement adds an additional barrier to anyone planning to develop and support a browser with an alternative engine in the EU. It effectively geofences the development team. Browser-makers whose dev teams are located in the US will only be able to work on simulators. While some testing can be done in a simulator, there's no substitute for testing on device -- which means developers will have to work within Apple's prescribed geographical boundary. Prior to iOS 17.4, Apple required all web browsers on iOS or iPadOS to use Apple's WebKit rendering engine. Alternatives like Gecko (used by Mozilla Firefox) or Blink (used by Google and other Chromium-based browsers) were not permitted. Whatever brand of browser you thought you were using on your iPhone, under the hood it was basically Safari. Browser makers have objected to this for years, because it limits competitive differentiation and reduces the incentive for Apple owners to use non-Safari browsers.

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Merged as part of the IRQ changes for the in-development Linux 6.10 kernel is support for posted interrupts on bare metal hardware...

Premier traité international contraignant

Les 46 États membres du Conseil de l’Europe ont adopté la Convention-cadre sur l’intelligence artificielle, premier traité international juridiquement contraignant en la matière.

Respect de l’autonomie personnelle, obligations de transparence et contrôles adaptés au contexte, obligation de rendre des comptes en cas d’impacts négatifs des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle sur les droits humains, la démocratie ou l’État de droit… Le Conseil de l’Europe a adopté ce 17 mai sa Convention-cadre « sur l’intelligence artificielle et les droits de l’homme, la démocratie et l’État de droit ».

Il s’agit, en matière d’intelligence artificielle, du premier texte d’ampleur internationale qui soit juridiquement contraignant. Le texte a été adopté pendant la réunion ministérielle annuelle du Comité des ministres du Conseil de l’Europe, qui rassemble les ministres des Affaires Étrangères des 46 États membres (parmi lesquels les 27 pays de l’Union, mais aussi des États comme la Suisse, la Norvège ou la Turquie).

Plus de 50 pays réunis

Volkswagen has walked away from talks with Renault to jointly develop an affordable electric version of the Twingo car, Reuters reported Friday, citing sources familiar with the situation, in a setback for the EU carmakers' efforts to fend off Chinese rivals. From the report: The collapse of negotiations could mean the German carmaker may have to go it alone in developing its own affordable electric vehicle (EV). Renault will continue designing its electric Twingo, scheduled to hit the market in 2026. Both had hoped that sharing the work would cut costs that represent a key hurdle for European carmakers in the face of cheaper cars from China. Volkswagen broke off discussions mainly because Renault had wanted to build the car in one of its plants at a time when VW is seeking to fully utilise its European production network, one of the sources said.

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An anonymous reader shares a report: In July last year, OpenAI announced the formation of a new research team that would prepare for the advent of supersmart artificial intelligence capable of outwitting and overpowering its creators. Ilya Sutskever, OpenAI's chief scientist and one of the company's cofounders, was named as the colead of this new team. OpenAI said the team would receive 20 percent of its computing power. Now OpenAI's "superalignment team" is no more, the company confirms. That comes after the departures of several researchers involved, Tuesday's news that Sutskever was leaving the company, and the resignation of the team's other colead. The group's work will be absorbed into OpenAI's other research efforts. Sutskever's departure made headlines because although he'd helped CEO Sam Altman start OpenAI in 2015 and set the direction of the research that led to ChatGPT, he was also one of the four board members who fired Altman in November. Altman was restored as CEO five chaotic days later after a mass revolt by OpenAI staff and the brokering of a deal in which Sutskever and two other company directors left the board. Hours after Sutskever's departure was announced on Tuesday, Jan Leike, the former DeepMind researcher who was the superalignment team's other colead, posted on X that he had resigned.

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Minimachines.net en partenariat avec TopAchat.com

Sous le doux pseudonyme de unchecked_arrogance, un internaute partage une réalisation originale pour tous les possesseurs de lecteur K7. Si vous avez encore un de ces appareil dans votre chaine Hi-Fi et si vous n’avez plus de K7 à portée de main, sa réalisation pourrait vous intéresser.

L’idée est simple, remplacer le lecteur qui bascule habituellement pour accueillir vos cassettes par un petit écran tactile 4.3″ couleur classique. Celui-ci sera connecté à un Raspberry Pi – ici un 3B+ mais d’autres versions devraient faire l’affaire – et le tout relié à un stockage SSD 2.5″ en USB via un adaptateur SATA3.

Des connecteurs Jack et USB sont placés vers l’arrière du lecteur K7 Sony pour pouvoir y acceder facilement. Une connectique Ethernet est également apportée jusqu’au Raspberry Pi pour compenser la faiblesse du signal Wi-Fi une fois que la carte est enfermée dans le châssis du lecteur. En pratique le module Wi-Fi  semble fonctionner sans problèmes mais cela semble plus stable en filaire. 

Les ports USB et Ethernet en plus du jack stéréo à l’arrière du lecteur.

Un DAC USB est utilisé pour gérer un son plus propre depuis la Raspberry Pi, une solution de  type HAT serait parfaitement envisageable. L’alimentation du Pi est reliée en amont de celle du lecteur Sony pour qu’il puisse fonctionner sans allumer ce dernier.

Le Raspi dans un boitier acrylique, le montage électrique un peu sauvage, les câbles et le SSD

La partie logicielle est confiée à Moode Audio qui permet à la fois de streamer des radios en ligne mais aussi de récupérer des contenus Spotify comme de profiter de streaming locaux en UPnP tout en proposant une fonction Bluetooth. Il est pilotable depuis un réseau local et peut également être manipulé avec l’écran tactile. L’objectif final serait de piloter l’interface avec les boutons du lecteur Sony via les GPIO du Raspberry Pi mais cela demandera encore un peu de temps  et de formation.

L’autre jour dans les encombrants je voyais un de ces vieux lecteur cassette au look incroyable des années 90. En métal brossé avec des lampes sous les touches pour piloter un double lecteur K7. Je me disais que ce serait une super solution pour abriter un serveur audio ou vidéo avec plusieurs stockages 2.5″ en SSD. Cette intégration me fait regretter de ne pas l’avoir pris sous le bras.

Ce n’est pourtant pas la première fois qu’un lecteur K7 est hacké sur le blog : 

Cassette Pi : une idée de K7 originale pour vos appareils vintage

Un lecteur K7 Sony basculé sous Raspberry Pi © MiniMachines.net. 2024.

Droit au cœur

Nouvelle mouture pour le noyau Linux, qui passe en version 6.9. Les améliorations sont nombreuses, particulièrement pour le support matériel. On note aussi un meilleur support des écrans 4K et un démarrage plus rapide dans certains.

Les noyaux Linux fournissent l’essentiel du support matériel dans les distributions. On peut bien sûr installer des pilotes dédiés (c’est même souvent le cas avec les GPU NVIDIA), mais c’est bien au « kernel » d’assurer l’exploitation du matériel dans l’immense majorité des cas. Aussi, l’arrivée d’un nouveau noyau permet souvent le support de matériels récents.

Le noyau 6.9 ne fait pas exception et ajoute de nouveaux éléments, notamment pour Intel et AMD.

Du côté des processeurs

L’une des principales améliorations concerne les processeurs Zen et la fonction Preferred Core. Celle-ci permet d’orienter certaines tâches vers les cœurs les plus puissants du processeur, le système communiquant avec l’ordonnanceur pour répartir la charge.

Ce support était attendu pour le noyau 6.8 mais n’avait pas eu le temps d’être finalisé. Pour en profiter, il faut que le pilote P-State d’AMD soit installé. Cet ajout est d’autant plus important qu’AMD fournit un nombre croissant de processeurs comprenant des cœurs performants (Zen4) et des cœurs efficaces (Zen4c).

Restons chez AMD avec deux autres nouveautés. D’abord, une meilleure prise en compte de SEV-SNP, l’une des fonctions dévolues à la sécurité cryptographique dans le pack SEV, qui comprend également SEV-ES. Ces fonctions sont présentes dans les puces EPYC et devraient être toutes gérées dans le noyau 6.10. Ensuite, le support du FRU Memory Poison Manager, qui permet aux informations sur les erreurs en mémoire vive de persister entre les redémarrages.

Côté Intel, on note une série de correctifs pour les processeurs Meteor Lake destinés aux ordinateurs portables. Les paramètres Energy Performance Preference ont été ajustés, avec à la clé de meilleures performances. Signalons aussi l’intégration d’Intel FRED (Flexible Return and Event Delivery), dont la mission est de permettre des transitions entre les niveaux de privilèges avec une latence faible.

Enfin, un support plus étendu des instructions x86S, lancées pour rappel il y a un an pour simplifier l’architecture x86 et supprimer le support des systèmes 16 et 32 bits.

Améliorations graphiques

L’un des plus gros apports du noyau Linux 6.9 est la prise en charge de polices plus grandes dans FBDEV (frame-buffer device). La largeur maximale passe à 64 et la hauteur à 128. Cela ne vous évoque peut-être rien, mais ce changement permet un bien meilleur support des écrans haute définition, notamment 4K, en cas d’utilisation de la console.

Plusieurs autres améliorations sont présentes, notamment pour le pilote i915 d’Intel, le support du tunneling DisplayPort, ou encore celui de fastboot pour les anciennes plateformes.

Processeurs ARM, stockage et autres

Comme toujours, le nouveau noyau propose des ajouts significatifs dans le support de certaines architectures ARM et autres. C’est le cas de RISC-V qui y gagne entre autres la prise en charge des routines cryptographiques à accélération vectorielle.

L’architecture LoongAarch reçoit certaines attentions, elle aussi, dont le support d’objtool, du live-patching (pour appliquer les correctifs du noyau sans redémarrer la machine) ainsi que des fonctions supplémentaires pour la configuration du noyau. Plusieurs nouveautés aussi pour ARM64, dont le support de la compilation Rust dans le noyau.

Côté stockage, signalons l’arrivée d’une grosse nouveauté : la gestion du mode FUSE passthrough. En clair, les opérations de lecture et écriture sont transmises directement par le noyau au système de fichiers de l’espace utilisateur, avec à la clé une amélioration des performances du FS, en évitant de surcharger le daemon. On note aussi des améliorations significatives dans le support de l’exFAT, dont une nette augmentation des performances quand l’option dirsync est activée.

Disponibilité du noyau 6.9

La récupération du nouveau noyau diffère selon la distribution utilisée. Dans la plupart des cas, les distributions classiques (Ubuntu, Fedora…) attendant la version majeure suivante pour livrer une évolution importante du noyau. Dans ce genre de cas, il est conseillé d’attendre, même si des outils permettent le téléchargement et l’installation du nouveau noyau dans sa version générique.

Les autres distributions, en rolling release, proposent déjà ce noyau ou vont le faire très prochainement.

L’association a déposé ce vendredi 17 mai un référé-liberté (pdf) demandant la suspension du blocage de TikTok en Nouvelle-Calédonie décidé par le Premier ministre Gabriel Attal.

Elle estime que « le gouvernement porte un coup inédit et particulièrement grave à la liberté d’expression en ligne, que ni le contexte local ni la toxicité de la plateforme ne peuvent justifier dans un État de droit ».

Comme nous l’évoquions, le décret du 15 mai interdisant TikTok sur le territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie s’appuie sur la loi du 3 avril 1955 relative à l’état d’urgence. Elle prévoit que le ministre de l’Intérieur puisse « prendre toute mesure pour assurer l’interruption de tout service de communication au public en ligne provoquant à la commission d’actes de terrorisme ou en faisant l’apologie ».

Dans son communiqué, la Quadrature du Net estime que « personne n’est dupe : en réalité, le blocage de TikTok n’est absolument pas justifié par une quelconque présence sur la plateforme de contenus terroristes, mais bien par le fait qu’il s’agit d’une plateforme centrale dans l’expression en ligne des personnes qui en viennent aujourd’hui à se révolter ».

L’association précise dans son référé qu’elle « lutte de manière ancienne et constante contre le modèle incarné notamment par le service de communication au public en ligne “TikTok”, qu’elle considère comme particulièrement nocif à bien des égards, et qui s’oppose aux valeurs qu’elle entend défendre ».

• Blocage de TikTok en Nouvelle-Calédonie : quels sont les enjeux ?

La Ligue des droits de l’Homme a aussi annoncé sur Twitter attaquer « en référé-liberté l’interdiction et le blocage de TikTok sur le territoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie pour défendre la liberté de communication des idées et des opinions ».